John Richard Alden

John Richard Alden, 82, died on August 14, 1991. He earned his B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. at the University of Michigan. His doctoral dissertation, John Stuart and the Southern Colonial Frontier, won the AHA's Albert J. Beveridge Award in 1944.

Dr. Alden taught at the University of Nebraska, where he published General Gage in America, General Charles Lee, War of the Revolution, and The American Revolution, 1763–1789 in less than a decade. In 1955, he moved to Duke University, where he taught until his retirement in 1975. His publications while there included The First South and A History of the American Revolution, as well as two textbooks.

In retirement, he published biographies of two Revolutionary War era individuals, Stephen Sayre and George Washington.

He is survived by his daughter, Anne.

Jack P. Greene
University of California, Irvine

Robert Allen

Robert Allen, 68, former section editor of the Soviet Union list in Recently Published Articles, died November 24, 1991.

Dr. Allen received his Ph.D. in Russian history from Yale University in 1955. He taught two years at the University of Toronto before joining the Library of Congress, where he was an area specialist for Russia and the Soviet Union.

In May 1978, Dr. Allen was named acting assistant chief of the European Division, where he remained until his retirement in 1985. He participated in the compilation of several bibliographies on Russia and Eastern Europe and taught courses in Russian history at the American and George Washington universities.

Survivors include his wife, a son, a sister, and three granddaughters.

Carl Bridenbaugh

Carl Bridenbaugh, an authority on colonial America, died on January 6, 1992, at the age of 88.

Dr. Bridenbaugh was born in Philadelphia and earned a bachelor's degree at Dartmouth College and master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University. He served in the Navy during World War II.

He taught history for eleven years at MIT, for twelve years at the University of California at Berkeley, and for eleven years at Brown University, where he retired in 1969. He held a fellowship at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University and was a Guggenheim Fellow three times.

Dr. Bridenbaugh was the first director of the Institute of Early American History and Culture, from 1945 to 1950. He served as president of the AHA in 1962.

He wrote fifteen books and numerous articles for journals and newspapers. His books included Cities in the Wilderness (1938), Rebels and Gentlemen (1942), Seat of Empire (1950), Cities in Revolt (1955), Mitre and Sceptre (1962), Vexed and Troubled Englishmen (1968), No Peace Beyond the Line (1971), The Spirit of '76 (1975) and Jamestown 1544–1699 (1980).

He is survived by his wife, the former Roberta Haines Herriott, who was co-author of Vexed and Troubled Englishmen.

Stuart Gerry Brown

Stuart Gerry Brown, founder of the American Studies Department at the University of Hawaii, died in Honolulu in October 1991 at the age of 79. He was a descendant of Elbridge Gerry, the Revolutionary War era associate of Samuel Adams.

Dr. Brown received his Ph.D. from Princeton in 1937. He devoted several academic years to Army Specialized Training. After World War II, he directed the Citizenship Program at Syracuse University, and there became the Maxwell Professor of American Civilization, 1958–1965. Dr. Brown came to Hawaii in 1961 as a visiting professor at the East-West Center. He returned in 1964 to stay.

Dr. Brown's books include Memo for Overseas Americans (1960), Government in the United States (1967), The Presidency on Trial (1972), and The First Republicans (1976).

Barbara Bennett Peterson
University of Hawaii

Charles E. Freedeman

Charles E. Freedeman, a historian of modern French administrative and economic history, died December 29, 1991. He took his Ph.D. at Columbia in 1957 after serving in World War II.

Dr. Freedeman was the author of two books, The Conseil d'Etat in Modern France (1961) and Joint-Stock Enterprise in France, 1807–1914 (1979), as well as a number of articles and reviews on French economic and business history. In the last year, he completed The Triumph of Capitalism in France, 1867–1914 and finished much of the editing for a joint project, with Donald R. Kelley, on the correspondence between Garrett Mattingly and Bernard DeVoto. Dr. Freedeman's last taught at the State University of New York at Binghamton, where he also served variously as chair, director of undergraduate studies, and vice-chair for graduate studies.

Donald R. Kelley
Rutgers University

Melvyn Dubofsky
State University of New York at Binghamton

George F. Frick

George F. Frick, Henry Francis du Pont Associate Professor Emeritus of History and a member of the Department of History at the University of Delaware for thirty-one years, died on May 29, 1991. Dr. Frick, a native of Estherville, Iowa, received his B.A. from St. Olaf's College, his M.A. from the University of California at Berkeley, and his Ph.D. from the University of Illinois. Dr. Frick's publications were pathmarking works in establishing the field of inquiry into the history of American plant botany and ecology. Prominent among these was his study of the eighteenth-century American naturalist Mark Catesby and the various natural history and botanical collectors and collections that defined the nature of early American science.

He was Coordinator of the Winterthur Program in Early American History and Culture and President of the Senate of the College of Arts and Science.

Edward Lurie
University of Delaware

Ida Gershoy

Ida Gershoy, widow of Leo Gershoy and donor in 1975 of the endowment for the AHA's Leo Gershoy Award for the best book in English on any aspect of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century European history, died on November 27, 1991. During the seventeen years of the Gershoy Award's existence, she maintained a lively interest in the annual competition and a respect for the field of history, which her late husband so distinguished.

Louis Joughin

Louis Joughin died October 15, 1991, at 85 years of age. Born in Montreal, he grew up in New York City, where he attended public school. He did both his college and his graduate work at Harvard University. From the early 1930s to the mid-1950s, he was primarily engaged in college and university teaching, including twelve years at the University of Texas, Austin. Among his other academic connections were Sarah Lawrence College, City College (New York), and the New School for Social Research. During these years, his substantive interest evolved from comparative literature to American social history, particularly law and society in the United States.

Dr. Joughin's career took an activist turn in the 1950s, when he joined the national staff of the American Civil Liberties Union, serving as research director and concurrently as executive officer of the ACLU's Academic Freedom Committee. From 1955 to 1958 he was assistant director of the ACLU. After leaving the staff, he remained active as advisor in the organization of the ACLU's archives when they were transferred to Princeton University. During the campus unrest of the 1960s he was associate secretary of the American Association of University Professors. After retirement in 1972, he taught at the University of Maryland on civil liberties crises. He wrote numerous books, articles, and reviews, including The Legacy of Sacco and Vanzetti.

John Miller

John Miller of Palo Alto, CA, 83, a retired professor at Stanford University and Bryn Mawr College who wrote several major books about early American history, died in early December 1991. He studied under Samuel Eliot Morison and took his B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. at Harvard University. His works included Sam Adams, Pioneer in Propaganda (Little Brown, 1936) and Origins of the American Revolution (Atlantic Monthly Press, 1943). In all, he wrote a dozen books about the American Revolution, the last of which was The Wolf by the Ears: Thomas Jefferson and Slavery.

He is survived by his wife, three sons, and three grandchildren.

Sandra L. Myres

Sandra L. Myres died October 16, 1991, at the age of 59. Dr. Myres was a member of the faculty of the University of Texas at Arlington for twenty-eight years. She specialized in Western history, the Southwest borderland, and women's history. Her Westering Women and the Frontier Experience (1982) was a History Book Club selection. She published five other books and over 200 articles. She was president of the Western Historical Association in 1987–88, and was instrumental in establishing the Center for Greater Southwestern Studies and the History of Cartography at the University of Texas at Arlington, where she served as the first director.

Dennis Reinhartz and Douglas W. Richmond
The University of Texas at Arlington

Robert E. Ruigh

Robert E. Ruigh, professor emeritus of history at the University of Missouri-Columbia, died in St. Louis on December 12, 1991. He was born in Meservey, Iowa in 1925. After serving in the U.S. Army Air Force during World War II, he studied as a Fulbright scholar at Oxford University in 1952–53 and earned his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1966. While studying as a graduate student, he taught at Brandeis and Harvard universities. In 1963 he joined the faculty of Loyola College in Montreal, and in 1969 he moved to the University of Missouri-Columbia. He published The Parliament of 1624: Politics and Foreign Policy (Harvard University Press, 1971).

He is survived by a son and a daughter.

John Hall Stewart

John Hall Stewart, 87, died on October 31, 1991. Dr. Stewart was the Henry Eldridge Bourne Professor Emeritus of History at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, where he taught from 1930 to 1969. He also taught at the University of Colorado, Boulder; the University of Texas, Austin; the University of Western Ontario; and the University of Louisville. He devoted his scholarly career to studying the French Napoleonic and Revolutionary era. He served as president of the Society for French Historical Studies in 1958–59 and was named an officer in the Ordre des Palmes Académiques in 1961.

He is survived by his wife of forty-five years, Helen Doolittle Stewart.

James Friguglietti
Eastern Montana College

Morris Slavin, emeritus
Youngstown State University

Marion Siney, emeritus
Case Western Reserve University